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– World’s leading producer of cobalt

The DRC is home to over 50% of the world's reserves, primarily located in the Haut-Katanga and Lualaba provinces. It provides over 70% of the volume of this mineral issued on the market, which it has classified as a "strategic metal" in its new mining code.
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Globally, cobalt reserves are 7,188 kilotons (kt), of which the DRC has 50%, followed by Australia and Cuba with 20% and 7.0%. During the 2010s, the increase in demand for cobalt resulted in a reshuffle of the cards in the DRC sector, with the emergence of new players, particularly Chinese groups. These include mining giants, cobalt refiners, and finished product manufacturers, which, over the years, have strengthened their positions upstream in the value chain and in processing units.
These include Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt, a global cobalt supplier; China Railway Group, a leading manufacturer of machinery and equipment; miners China Molybdenum Co (CMOC) and China Nonferrous Metal Mining Company (CNMC); as well as Jinchuan Group, the world's second-largest cobalt producer; Hong Kong Excellen Mining Investment; Tenngyuan Cobalt Industry; and CATL (a global leader in batteries), which operate in partnership with Gécamines and own their subsidiaries at 100%.
Chinese-owned companies do not occupy all the territory. Switzerland's Glencore, the leading producer, controls Kamoto Copper Co (KCC) and Mutanda Mining (Mumi). Kazakhstan's Eurasian Resources Group (ERG) has several subsidiaries, including Metalkol, and the Indian community is also active in the sector (Chemaf and Somika). But, aside from Gécamines, private Congolese operators are a minority.
In 2020, 70% of the country's cobalt production was accounted for by five companies: KCC (Glencore), Tenke Fungurume Mining (TFM, owned by CMOC), Metalkol (ERG), Somidez (CNMC) and STL (Gécamines).
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As the world leader in cobalt refining and the main battery manufacturer, China controls the Congolese sector, where more than 80% of the production is destined for it.
In 2022, Chinese mining company CMOC increased its investments, confirming the DRC's position as a global producer of cobalt and copper. CMOC ranks among the world's top three base metals traders and is a leader in the international mining industry, with a cumulative investment of more than $7 billion.
Around 125,387 tonnes of copper and 10,465 tonnes of cobalt were produced in the country's various mines.
In 2023, Tenke Fungurume Mining's (TFM) mixed ore project and the development of KFM will provide TFM with additional annual production of 200,000 tonnes of copper and 17,000 tonnes of cobalt. The Kisanfu mine is expected to produce an average of 90,000 tonnes of copper and 30,000 tonnes of cobalt.
Located in Kolwezi in Lualaba province, Sicomines is one of the richest copper-cobalt mines in the world. It is divided into six parts, with a total area of 11.5 square kilometers. Its ore reserves are estimated at 250 million tonnes, including copper with a grade of 3.22% and cobalt, 0.192%. Its copper yield can reach 8.55 million tonnes, and for cobalt, 0.51 million tonnes.
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